Supplementary Figure S1 KLF10 is recruited to, and suppresses the expression of the FOSB gene. Supplementary Figure S2 ChIP analysis of KLF10 occupancy on the SNAI2 gene upon in control and TGFβ-stimulated Panc1 cells. Supplementary Figure S3 Heatmap for mRNA expression of CDH1, MMP7, CDH2 and MMP2 based on Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) gene expression data in a panel of lung and pancreatic cancer cell lines.
ARTICLE ABSTRACT
TGFβ–SMAD signaling exerts a contextual effect that suppresses malignant growth early in epithelial tumorigenesis but promotes metastasis at later stages. Longstanding challenges in resolving this functional dichotomy may uncover new strategies to treat advanced carcinomas. The Krüppel-like transcription factor, KLF10, is a pivotal effector of TGFβ/SMAD signaling that mediates antiproliferative effects of TGFβ. In this study, we show how KLF10 opposes the prometastatic effects of TGFβ by limiting its ability to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). KLF10 depletion accentuated induction of EMT as assessed by multiple metrics. KLF10 occupied GC-rich sequences in the promoter region of the EMT-promoting transcription factor SLUG/SNAI2, repressing its transcription by recruiting HDAC1 and licensing the removal of activating histone acetylation marks. In clinical specimens of lung adenocarcinoma, low KLF10 expression associated with decreased patient survival, consistent with a pivotal role for KLF10 in distinguishing the antiproliferative versus prometastatic functions of TGFβ. Our results establish that KLF10 functions to suppress TGFβ-induced EMT, establishing a molecular basis for the dichotomy of TGFβ function during tumor progression. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2387–400. ©2017 AACR.
