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Supplementary Figure S6 from MARK2/MARK3 Kinases Are Catalytic Codependencies of YAP/TAZ in Human Cancer

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posted on 2024-12-02, 08:41 authored by Olaf Klingbeil, Damianos Skopelitis, Claudia Tonelli, Toyoki Yoshimoto, Aktan Alpsoy, Maria C. Panepinto, Francesca Minicozzi, Joseph R. Merrill, Amanda M. Cafiero, Disha Aggarwal, Suzanne Russo, Taehoon Ha, Osama E. Demerdash, Tse-Luen Wee, David L. Spector, Scott K. Lyons, David A. Tuveson, Paolo Cifani, Christopher R. Vakoc

A-E, Western blot analysis of MARK2 specific substrates phosphorylation. Labeling as described in Fig 3D. Data are representative of two independent experiments. F, Lolli-pop illustration of MARK2-dependent phosphorylation sites on MST1/2 and MAP4K1-4,6,7 identified using mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics. SARAH= Sav/Rassf/Hpo domain, CNH= Citron homology domain. G, IP–western blot analysis evaluating the phosphorylation p-LATS2 (T1041) in the presence or absence of MARK2 or MARK3 following NF2 overexpression in HEK-293T cells. Data are representative of two independent experiments. H, IP–western blot analysis evaluating the phosphorylation p-LATS2 (T1041) after NF2 mutant overexpression in HEK-293T cells. Data are representative of two independent experiments. I, IP–western blot analysis evaluating p-LATS1 (T1079) in the presence of NF2 together with MARK2 overexpression in HEK-293T cells. Data are representative of two independent experiments. J, IP–western blot analysis evaluating the interaction of NF2 and MAP4K4,6,7 in the presence or absence of MARK2 overexpression in HEK-293T cells. Data are representative of two independent experiments. K, IP–western blot analysis evaluating the phosphorylation p-LATS1 (T1079) following indicated gene overexpression in HEK-293T cells. L, IP–western blot analysis evaluating the phosphorylation p-LATS1 (T1079) following indicated gene overexpression in HEK-293T cells. Data are representative of two independent experiments. M, IP–western blot analysis evaluating p-LATS1 (T1079) in the presence of MAP4K4 or MAP4K6 together with MARK2,3, kinase-dead MARK2K82H or empty vector control overexpression in HEK-293T cells. Data are representative of two independent experiments. N, O, IP–western blot analysis evaluating p-LATS1 (T1079) in the presence of MAP4K4 or MST1 mutants. Data are representative of two independent experiments. P, Coomassie stain of recombinant proteins used in in vitro kinase assays (Fig.4D, 3E), purified from bacteria (GST-YAP, GST-TAZ) and insect cells. Q, R, In vitro kinase assay using recombinant full-length GST-YAP (P) or synthetically synthesized S128-phosphorylated peptide (Q) together with recombinant LATS2 followed by Mass spectrometry analysis of double phosphorylated YAP peptides. F was created with BioRender.com.

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National Cancer Institute (NCI)

United States Department of Health and Human Services

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Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)

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ARTICLE ABSTRACT

The Hippo signaling pathway is commonly dysregulated in human cancer, which leads to a powerful tumor dependency on the YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators. In this study, we used paralog cotargeting CRISPR screens to identify kinases MARK2/3 as absolute catalytic requirements for YAP/TAZ function in diverse carcinoma and sarcoma contexts. Underlying this observation is the direct MARK2/3-dependent phosphorylation of NF2 and YAP/TAZ, which effectively reverses the tumor suppressive activity of the Hippo module kinases LATS1/2. To simulate targeting of MARK2/3, we adapted the CagA protein from Helicobacter pylori as a catalytic inhibitor of MARK2/3, which we show can regress established tumors in vivo. Together, these findings reveal MARK2/3 as powerful codependencies of YAP/TAZ in human cancer, targets that may allow for pharmacology that restores Hippo pathway–mediated tumor suppression.Significance: We show how genetic redundancy conceals tight functional relationships between signaling and transcriptional activation in cancer. Blocking the function of MARK2/3 kinases leads to the reactivation of the Hippo tumor suppressive pathway and may have therapeutic potential in YAP/TAZ-dysregulated carcinomas and sarcomas.See related commentary by Gauthier-Coles and Sheltzer, p. 2312

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