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Supplementary Figure S2 from Immunostimulatory Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subpopulations Can Predict Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer

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posted on 2023-03-31, 23:51 authored by Aleksandar Obradovic, Diana Graves, Michael Korrer, Yu Wang, Sohini Roy, Abdullah Naveed, Yaomin Xu, Adam Luginbuhl, Joseph Curry, Michael Gibson, Kamran Idrees, Paula Hurley, Peng Jiang, X. Shirley Liu, Ravindra Uppaluri, Charles G. Drake, Andrea Califano, Young J. Kim
Supplementary Figure S2 from Immunostimulatory Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subpopulations Can Predict Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer

Funding

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

United States Department of Health and Human Services

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National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)

Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP)

American Cancer Society (ACS)

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ARTICLE ABSTRACT

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have been implicated as potential mediators of checkpoint immunotherapy response. However, the extensive heterogeneity of these cells has precluded rigorous understanding of their immunoregulatory role in the tumor microenvironment. We performed high-dimensional single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on four patient tumors pretreatment and posttreatment from a neoadjuvant trial of patients with advanced-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that were treated with the αPD-1 therapy, nivolumab. The head and neck CAF (HNCAF) protein activity profiles, derived from this cohort of paired scRNA-seq, were used to perform protein activity enrichment analysis on the 28-patient parental cohort of clinically annotated bulk transcriptomic profiles. Ex vivo coculture assays were used to test functional relevance of HNCAF subtypes. Fourteen distinct cell types were identified with the fibroblast population showing significant changes in abundance following nivolumab treatment. Among the fibroblast subtypes, HNCAF-0/3 emerged as predictive of nivolumab response, while HNCAF-1 was associated with immunosuppression. Functionally, HNCAF-0/3 were found to reduce TGFβ-dependent PD-1+TIM-3+ exhaustion of CD8 T cells, increase CD103+NKG2A+ resident memory phenotypes, and enhance the overall cytolytic profile of T cells. Our findings demonstrate the functional importance of distinct HNCAF subsets in modulating the immunoregulatory milieu of human HNSCC. In addition, we have identified clinically actionable HNCAF subtypes that can be used as a biomarker of response and resistance in future clinical trials.

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