PDF file 196K, Figure S2. Effects of KX-01 and oxaliplatin on cell proliferation (Ki-67; A), angiogenesis (CD31; B), apoptosis (Cleaved caspase-3; C) RMUG-L model. Original magnification 200x . Bars in the graphs correspond sequentially to the labeled columns of images on the left. Data are shown as mean {plus-minus} standard deviation (error bars). *p<0.05, **p<0.01 compared with the control group
ARTICLE ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate the antitumor effects of targeting Src and tubulin in mucinous ovarian carcinoma.Experimental Design: The in vitro and in vivo effects and molecular mechanisms of KX-01, which inhibits Src pathway and tubulin polymerization, were examined in mucinous ovarian cancer models.Results:In vitro studies using RMUG-S and RMUG-L cell lines showed that KX-01 inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle at the G2–M phase, and enhanced the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in the KX-01–sensitive cell line, RMUG-S. In vivo studies showed that KX-01 significantly decreased tumor burden in RMUG-S and RMUG-L mouse models relative to untreated controls, and the effects were greater when KX-01 was combined with oxaliplatin. KX-01 alone and in combination with oxaliplatin significantly inhibited tumor growth by reducing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in vivo. PTEN knock-in experiments in RMUG-L cells showed improved response to KX-01. Reverse phase protein array analysis showed that in addition to blocking downstream molecules of Src family kinases, KX-01 also activated acute stress-inducing molecules.Conclusion: Our results showed that targeting both the Src pathway and tubulin with KX-01 significantly inhibited tumor growth in preclinical mucinous ovarian cancer models, suggesting that this may be a promising therapeutic approach for patients with mucinous ovarian carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res; 19(23); 6532–43. ©2013 AACR.
