Figure 1 from Sucralose Consumption Ablates Cancer Immunotherapy Response through Microbiome Disruption

<p>NNS intake is associated with poor response to ICI in advanced melanoma, advanced NSCLC, and neoadjuvant melanoma. <b>A,</b> Patients with advanced melanoma, advanced NSCLC, and neoadjuvant melanoma pending receipt of ICI therapy completed web-based semi-quantitative FFQ DHQ III. Response to therapy was evaluated using investigator-assessed ORR using RECIST v1.1 or pathologist-assessed immune-related pathologic response criteria, along with time-to-event analyses including PFS (advanced melanoma or NSCLC) or RFS (neoadjuvant melanoma). RFS/PFS were evaluated every 3 months, and relapse/progression was defined based on radiographic and/or clinical relapse/progression at each treatment visit (every 3–4 weeks). <b>A,</b> Patients were dichotomized into high- and low-intake groups based on cutpointr-determined endpoints. <b>B</b> and <b>C,</b> Proportion of investigator-assessed ORR in either melanoma (<b>B</b>) or NSCLC (<b>C</b>) cohorts. <i>χ</i>²<i>P</i> values comparing responder ORR between high vs. low intake are shown. <b>D</b> and <b>E,</b> Kaplan–Meier plots of PFS probability of patients with ICI-treated melanoma (<b>D</b>) and NSCLC (<b>E</b>) based on dichotomized sucralose intake levels by a two-sided log-rank test are shown. The number of people at risk in either group (high vs. low intake) is shown below each panel. Vertical ticks show censored data. <b>F,</b> Proportion of pathologist-assessed MPR (defined as 0%–10% residual viable tumor) between high and low sucralose intake in patients with high-risk resectable melanoma treated with nivolumab and TLR9 agonist vidutolimod. <i>χ</i>²<i>P</i> values comparing responder MPR between high and low intake are shown. <b>G,</b> Kaplan–Meier plots of RFS probability of patients with neoadjuvant nivolumab-/vidutolimod-treated melanoma based on dichotomized sucralose intake levels by a two-sided log-rank test are shown. The number of people at risk in either group (high vs. low intake) is shown below each panel. Vertical ticks show censored data.</p>