software
posted on 2023-03-30, 23:41 authored by Katherine L. Cook, David R. Soto-Pantoja, Pamela A.G. Clarke, M. Idalia Cruz, Alan Zwart, Anni Wärri, Leena Hilakivi-Clarke, David D. Roberts, Robert Clarke RT-PCR gene expression of SCD1 (A), FASN (B), ACC (C), and CPT1A (D) was measured in LCC1 and LCC9 breast cancer cells transfected with control or GRP78 siRNA for 72 hours and normalized with HRPT housekeeping gene expression. n=3; *p<0.01 E. SCAP protein expression in LCC1 and LCC9 breast cancer cells transfected with control or GRP78 siRNA. n=4; *p<0.03.
Funding
DOD
NCI
US Department of Health and Human Services
NIH
History
ARTICLE ABSTRACT
The unfolded protein response is an endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway mediated by the protein chaperone glucose regulated-protein 78 (GRP78). Metabolic analysis of breast cancer cells shows that GRP78 silencing increases the intracellular concentrations of essential polyunsaturated fats, including linoleic acid. Accumulation of fatty acids is due to an inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid transport, resulting in a reduction of fatty acid oxidation. These data suggest a novel role of GRP78-mediating cellular metabolism. We validated the effect of GRP78-regulated metabolite changes by treating tumor-bearing mice with tamoxifen and/or linoleic acid. Tumors treated with linoleic acid plus tamoxifen exhibited reduced tumor area and tumor weight. Inhibition of either GRP78 or linoleic acid treatment increased MCP-1 serum levels, decreased CD47 expression, and increased macrophage infiltration, suggesting a novel role for GRP78 in regulating innate immunity. GRP78 control of fatty acid oxidation may represent a new homeostatic function for GRP78. Cancer Res; 76(19); 5657–70. ©2016 AACR.
